Organizational Culture and Leadership Change Essay

Hierarchical Culture and Leadership Change - Essay Example He is enjoyed by every single worker and every one of them have incredible love and regard for him. He is a 'father' to them in the genuine sense. The exhibition of the organization has been steady for the most recent decade, however in unadulterated business terms it could have consistently improved. Philip's methodology was constantly founded on components of trust and coordinated effort where dynamic had all the earmarks of being on premise of aggregate shrewdness of the staff. The requests of the business have changed with the district being not any more confined by national limits. Combined with these weights was the bombing wellbeing of Philip Mayor; which caused him to choose to hand over the administration of the business to his solitary child Tony Mayor longer than a year back. Tony is a Commerce graduate with a Management degree from one of the esteemed colleges of the U.S., however has next to no understanding. The progress from Philip Mayor to Tony Mayor has seen an ocean change in the organization. There has been increasingly obvious accentuation on discipline, frameworks, desires for execution, change in outstanding tasks at hand, change in style, change in structures, acceptance of present day innovation and generally speaking an adjustment in way to deal with business with reducing aggregate investment . Two or three faithful representatives have been terminated and some are under danger of losing their positions. From the organization execution side, Tony is resolved to guarantee that there is ideal profit for ventures made by the organization and for which he isn't set up to settle on any tally. He is likewise considering earnestly of drafting center experts to give an expert touch to the organization which requires serious collaboration with large customers both inside and past the locale. The entire workers of the organization seem, by all accounts, to be disappointed with the chan ge and one can feel the vibrations in everything that the representatives do. Issue Statement All day every day and surrounding us, we see association and culture commanding our conversations in our lives at home, grinding away and past. With regards to this case it is important to comprehend what is an association Association is about individuals, about different assets, the manner in which individuals connect and the manner in which they manage different assets. It is a mind boggling framework worked around human connections, connections among human and different assets and which are continually under interior and outside ecological impacts. We can see that associations are only not about assets and their blend; it is significantly more than that. It has life as it has individuals and it has an unmistakable reason, a distinct code, an unequivocal methodology. Simply meeting up of individuals and different assets isn't association. At the end of the day, association basically implies and speaks to individuals. The following inquiry that surfaces is - What is culture It is intriguing to such an extent as it is mind boggling to comprehend! J. P. Lederach, in his acclaimed book entitled 'Getting ready for harmony: Conflict change over societies' characterizes culture as the common information and plans made by a lot of individuals for seeing, deciphering, communicating, and reacting to the social real factors around them (Lederach 1995). The requirement for fellowship, reliance, joint effort and sharing includes every single one of us to have our own recognition, convictions and qualities as we continued looking for being comprehended, getting others and commonly understanding. In this procedure,

Why They Merged and Why the Merger Was Unsuccessful

In 1997 University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) combined its two open emergency clinics with Stanford’s two private medical clinics. The two separate substances combined to make a not-revenue driven association titled UCSF Stanford Health Care. The merger between the wellbeing frameworks at UCSF and Stanford appeared to be a smart thought because of the comparative missions, closeness of foundations, expanded money related weight with reductions in Medicare repayments followed by a sensational increment in oversaw care organizations.The first year UCSF Stanford Health Care delivered a benefit of $22 million, anyway three years after the fact the wellbeing framework had lost a sum of $176 million (â€Å"UCSF-Stanford Merger,† n. d. ). The initial segment of this paper will address reasons why the two foundations chose to seek after the merger by glancing through the hypothetical focal point of limited soundness, prospect hypothesis and asset reliance hypothesis (R DT). The second 50% of the paper will reason reasons why the merger was ineffective by considering key ideas in hierarchical conduct, for example, force and culture.The compromising and dubious monetary occasions drove the pioneers to choose the choice that they accepted augmented their odds for endurance. The hypothesis of limited soundness, proposed by Herbert A. Simon, recommends that individuals are generally restricted by time, data and subjective limitations(Simon, 1997). The merger between the two clinical schools appeared to bode well, the two organizations shared a typical strategic rewarding the uninsured, preparing the up and coming age of inventive specialists, and stay at the cutting edge of breaking examination and technology.Since both would have been going after progressively scant assets, uniting seemed well and good. Together they would have the option to lessen spending on authoritative expenses, and more ready to arrange contacts with huge protection companies(â €Å"UCSF-Stanford Merger,† n. d. ). Simon recommends that individuals, limited by time, psychological capacity and data, are bound to settle on good choices as opposed to ideal ones(Simon, 1997).Instead of centering time and vitality illustrating potential approaches to stay separate among the moving installment structure UCSF and Stanford, both restricted by time and frightful of the potential misfortunes, consented to blend. The merger was UCSF and Stanford’s approach to relieve hazard and oversee vulnerability. Prospect hypothesis is a conduct monetary hypothesis created by Daniel Kahneman that holds that individuals are bound to face higher challenges when choices are confined in negative terms(Kahneman and Tversky, 1979). Despite the fact that mergers are mind boggling and unsafe the approaching apprehension of diminished repayments made the pioneers center around the advantages of merging.Kahneman contends that individuals don't put together their choices with re spect to ultimate results, rather they base their choices on the potential estimation of misfortunes and gains(Kahneman and Tversky, 1979). Rather than breaking down the danger of the merger, initiative concentrated on the all the more squeezing trouble, the main concern. To remain alive in the period of oversaw care, college medical clinics the nation over were looking for mergers with private emergency clinics. Counts demonstrated that clinics lost $4 million every year for every 1 percent drop in reimbursement quiet population(Etten, 1999).Since the 1990’s, repayment protection was on an uncommon decrease in San Francisco opening the market for oversaw care organizations(Etten, 1999). RDT takes a gander at how the conduct of associations is influenced by their outer assets. The hypothesis, realized during the 1970s, addresses associations interest for assets, assets and force are legitimately linked(Pfeffer and Salancik, 2003). RDT holds that associations rely upon assets along these lines converging, because of expanding asset shortage, spoke to both institutions(Pfeffer and Salancik, 2003).On paper, the merger between these two organizations seemed well and good †the two establishments were near each other and vieing for lessening assets. Together they could lessen authoritative expenses and unite to haggle with huge insurance agencies. The need to make another culture and break up generally existent force battles were two huge undertakings that should have been tended to so as to guarantee an effective merger. In any case, the manner by which the merger was composed didn't prompt an effective merger.UCSF Health Care didn't invest satisfactory energy making a common culture in which the two associations would see one joint association with shared force (assets). On paper the two associations consented to share power, anyway the two gatherings conduct indicated something else. Dr. Rizk Norman, co-seat of the consolidated doctor gathering of UCS F and Stanford workforce, confirms that neither one of the institutions was ever agreeable enough to share money related information(â€Å"UCSF, Stanford medical clinics just too different,† n. d. ). UCSF didn't completely unveil their monetary concerns with respect to one of their sinking medical clinics, while Stanford was likewise blameworthy of ithholding data (â€Å"UCSF, Stanford emergency clinics just too different,† n. d. ). Converging into one ought to dispense with the feeling of two separate substances, anyway insufficient was done to shape the merger so that office and staff felt like equivalent accomplices. Loyalties existed inside the association, starting at the top with the Board of Directors. Basically the board was part between seven Stanford board individuals and seven USCF board individuals and three non factional individuals, anyway loyalties to ones specific establishment never dissolved(â€Å"UCSF-Stanford Merger,† n. d. ).As plot, RDT, ho lds that associations rely upon assets, which begin from their condition. Assets are an associations power used to contend in their condition. The two wellbeing frameworks shared a domain, consequently contended with each other for power (assets) (â€Å"UCSF-Stanford Merger,† n. d. ). Since Stanford was a revenue driven association, they held progressively financial control over UCSF. Pfeffer and Salancik contend that the best approach to take care of issues of vulnerability and relationship is to expand coordination, all the more explicitly, to increment shared control of each other’s activities(Pfeffer and Salancik, 2003).Had the two establishments worked from the earliest starting point to build coordination and correspondence between the two organizations the merger may have more changes in succeeding. Expanded coordination between the two foundations could have lead to the production of a solid culture. Culture is the common conviction, desires and qualities share d by individuals from an association. (â€Å"Leading by Leveraging Culture †Harvard Business Review,† n. d. ). Utilizing another culture begins from the top, the executives must model as per the new culture.This was not done at UCSF Stanford Health Care because of existing loyalties. Adding to the way of life battle, the foundations were far enough away from each other to justify concern. For an association to stream easily, clear correspondence channels should be built up. Without open correspondence and joint effort a mutual culture can't develop. Frail societies hurt the work environment by expanding wasteful aspects that lead to expanded expenses. UCSF Health Care model starting from the top to make a common culture.Had initiative invested sufficient energy tending to approaches to break up existing force battles, and making a mutual culture that would set the establishment to accomplish another common vision, the merger could have been fruitful. Connecting with pion eers in making a vital arrangement to combine two separate existing societies would have urged them to show backing and break down force battles. Common assets, open correspondence and a culture of unity may have set the establishment for a fruitful merger between the two associations. References Etten, P. V. (1999). Camelot or good judgment? The rationale behind the UCSF/Stanford merger.Health Affairs, 18(2), 143â€148. doi:10. 1377/hlthaff. 18. 2. 143 Kahneman, D. , and Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 263. doi:10. 2307/1914185 Leading by Leveraging Culture †Harvard Business Review. (n. d. ). Recovered October 16, 2012, from http://hbr. organization/item/driving by-utilizing society/a/CMR260-PDF-ENG Pfeffer, J. , and Salancik, G. (2003). The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. Stanford University Press. Simon, H. A. (1997). Models of Bounded Rationality, Vol. 3: Emperically Ground ed Economic Reason.The MIT Press. UCSF-Stanford Merger: A Promising Venture. (n. d. ). SFGate. Recovered October 16, 2012, from http://www. sfgate. com/conclusion/article/UCSF-Stanford-Merger-A-Promising-Venture-2975174. php#src=fb UCSF, Stanford emergency clinics just excessively extraordinary. (n. d. ). Recovered October 16, 2012, from http://www. paloaltoonline. com/week by week/mortuary/news/1999_Nov_3. HOSP03. html â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ Fall 16 PM 827 A1 Strategic Management Of Healthcare Organizations UCSF Stanford Healthcare †Why They Merged and Why The Merger Was Unsuccessful Sofia Gabriela Walton Mini Exam #1 08

My own religious Autobiography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My own strict Autobiography - Essay Example Nobody knows with assurance that an almighty, supreme and imperceptible element exists. They may have confidence and a conviction that a God has been and consistently will be but since the idea of God is outside anyone’s ability to understand, how might anybody guarantee to know about such a theoretical idea as this? Realizing implies putting a hypothesis, or conviction maybe, to a progression of tests intended to expose that hypothesis. Simply in the wake of endeavoring to negate a conviction, would you be able to state with any assurance that it is valid. I can say that ponies fly or that the sun spins around the earth and numerous individuals may accept this until it is invalidated. Numerous individuals did in reality accept both these accounts until they were discredited. So shouldn't something be said about God? Can anybody truly state for sure that God without a doubt exists? Truly. I can in light of the fact that I have confirmation. Throughout the late spring between my Kindergarten and First Grade year, I spent numerous hours at my uncle’s house. It’s not that he was fundamentally my preferred family member. He had no children of his own nor did he especially like children and he was an exhausting individual for a small kid to be near, yet he had a pool. I assume thus, he was my most loved throughout the late spring yet grandmother took this title back throughout the winter, for clear reasons. My uncle let me swim all I needed however rare really watched me like he ought to have, and like he told my folks he did. One hot day, I was swimming laps to build up my abilities. All I recollect was that as I was doing this, I swallowed some water unintentionally, the chlorine taste that followed, at that point panting for air for only a couple of seconds. My memory of the occasions that occurred after that are to some degree foggy yet engraved solidly in my psyche, even today. My next cognizant memory was awakening at the medical clinic and hearing the account of how I had suffocated yet had been breathed life into back by crisis professionals who were called to the scene following what my uncle accepted was my demise. Had it not

Democracy in American History essays

Majority rule government in American History articles There are numerous occasions in United Stated history that demonstrate majority rule government had worked in this nation. I investigated five unique models in American history where the American individuals got what they needed. The five things I decide to talk about are the battle for womans casting a ballot rights, Civil rights development, Prohibition, Education, and Gay and lesbian rights. Winning Suffrage, the option to cast a ballot, had been a focal point of lady reformers since the Seneca Falls show in 1848. Lady have attempted numerous things however out American history to pick up lady casting a ballot rights. Lady have tested the fourteenth amendment and pushed for an alteration to let them vote yet this didn't work until the 1900s. Individuals like Carrie Chapmen Catt composed boards of trustees to help push for the correction. At long last in 1919 the nineteenth amendment was confirmed, following 72 years of work the lady got what they merited. In the 1873 numerous individuals needed preclusion which is the forbidding of selling mixed refreshments. Boards like the Woman Christian Temperance Union established in 1873 advanced restriction. Be that as it may, by the mid 1920s just 20 percent of the American individuals bolstered forbiddance since it expanded the crime percentage. So in 1933 it was canceled by the 21st amendment. Instruction was another issue that mixed people groups worry about the fate of there kids. In 1963 a presidential commission gave a report on instruction entitled A country in danger. The report indicated American schools scores falled behind those of different countries schools. It additionally indicated that a normal multi year old couldn't tell Russia from Florida on a guide or round out a request for employment. The commission suggested expanding school year , long school days , increment pay for instructor , and accentuation on math and English. At long last in 1991 President bramble reported intense new instruction activity called America 2000 which expressed that individuals can decide to send there youngsters to privat... <!

Guide to the Best Online Casino Welcome Bonus

Guide to the Best Online Casino Welcome Bonus Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Guide to the Best Online Casino Welcome BonusUpdated On 03/07/2018Author : Ram kumarTopic : BusinessShort URL : https://hbb.me/2IM6w7S CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogIn a move to capture a huge chunk of the casino gaming industry, casino operators resort to creative and aggressive marketing approaches to attract the attention of players. This is actually an exciting moment for casino players since these tactics are designed with the player’s best interest at heart. Today, casinos offer different types of bonuses to players, which are basically meant to attract more customers to register and keep them engaged every time they log in. One of the most popular casino offers that we will be discussing today is the Welcome Bonus. Its popularity is attributed to the fact that it is the first bonus offered to new customers and casinos are competing to offer the best and mos t lucrative offer.Casino welcome bonusesWelcome Bonus is also known as casino sign-up bonus and is usually given to players to encourage them to sign up with the online casino and play the games offered. This is the first type of bonus that players will see when checking out a casino website.It comes in different sizes and forms. Some casinos will offer the welcome package which gives players access to free spins and playing cash. So, you can actually find casinos that offer a combination of free spins and a monetary bonus.For example, a casino may offer $200 plus 100 free spins. Some casinos offer these bonus up to the third consecutive deposit made. Welcome bonuses come in different sizes, amounts, and size; therefore, it is important for new casino players to be aware of these offers and find the best ways to take advantage of them.Popular variations of Welcome BonusesIf bonuses are given to new players before or before they can start playing the games, then these types of bonuse s fall under the category of Welcome Bonus. There are different types of sign up bonus and casinos usually vary their offerings to target certain niche markets. Here is a list of the most popular Welcome Bonus and how to get the most out of them.100% bonusMany casinos offer the welcome bonus as a percentage of the amount deposited by the player initially. For instance, if a casino offers a 20% or 40% bonus and a player deposits $100, his account will be credited with an extra $20 or $40. This is actually the most popular variant, which means that the casino will award the same amount as the one deposited by the player. So, if the initial deposit is $100, the player will have a total of $200 in his account.Match bonusThis is a variation of the 100% bonus where the casino matches the player’s initial deposit rather than focusing on a percentage.200% or 300% bonusSome casinos will take a step further to offer a 2005 bonus. However, you should keep in mind bonus offers than exceed 100 % often have lower caps. You may actually find a 200% welcome bonus capped up to $50 or $100. It is recommended the Welcome Bonus’ Terms and Conditions to learn more about ‘cap.’READAdvertising Resources For Local BusinessesBonus cash plus free spinsIn an effort to offer thrilling Welcome Bonuses and casino promotions, some casinos combine free spins for video slots and free playing cash. A casino may offer a whole $500 complemented by 250 free spins. This offer, again, is defined by a fine print, particularly when it comes to using free spins. Most casino that include free spins in the Welcome Bonus where specify where players can use these free spins. In many casinos that run on NetEnt, these free spins can be used on specific slot games.What’s the difference between cashable and non-cashable welcome bonuses?All Welcome Bonuses can be placed into two main categories. That is cashable and non-cashable. So, what is the difference between the two? The cashable bonus is usuall y kept after meeting the wagering requirements. If players can use the bonus to play casino games, the bonus becomes non-cashable, but the actual bonus cash cannot be kept by the player.Welcome bonus wagering requirementsWelcome Bonuses are meant to entice, but they usually come with certain requirements. Many casinos that offer welcome offers will put in place wagering requirements. This means that the bonus given cannot be cashed out by the recipient automatically.Casinos usually require players to roll out the bonus a number of times. Casinos have different wagering requirements. Some operators will offer 10x, others 30x, up to 70x. It is therefore important to read a casino’s fine print before playing.The good thing is that you can find progressive casinos that don’t have a wagering requirement. You will want to check TC to see if the welcome bonus has wagering requirements.Other useful tips to keep in mindNearly every online casino offers Welcome Bonus and it is important f or players to know how they can identify and use these offers:Sign up with many casinos so that you can access different bonuses, including sign-up bonuses. Well, you don’t have to play in all casinos, but just take advantage of the offers so that you can play risk-free games.When making the initial deposit, go for the maximum bonus amount. If a casino offers a 100% bonus, up to a $250 maximum, it is recommended to deposit $250 so that you can get the maximum bonus.Also, check wagering requirements by visiting the casino’s Terms and Conditions page or section on the website.

Cigarette Addiction and Its Effect on the Entire Family

Cigarette Addiction Outline Abstract Cigarette Addiction Effect on the family when one parent is addicted to cigarettes. Nicotine addiction is a current and unsolved problem of the entire world. Smokers children copy their parents behavior. Researches results demonstrate harmfulness of this habit to the family members. Children, whose parents smoke, are able to get ill more often. Challenges that the family goes through to have the parent stop smoking.

The Ethical Issue Within Healthcare - 2077 Words

Reproductive Ethics – Terminations Terminations have always been an ethical issue within healthcare as a lot of people feel that it is morally wrong to end a life and feel that terminating a pregnancy is morally wrong euthanasia of a child. However, there are lots of reasons why a woman would want to terminate, such as rape or unplanned pregnancy. This essay will look at the ethical issues from both sides of the argument as well as how this topic is linked to legislation within the UK. The Equality Act 2010 states everyone has the same chances to do what they can. Some people may need extra help to get the same chances (Munro, S. 2010). Equality Act 2010 means that no matter what your ethnicity, sexuality, gender reassignment, disability or anyone protected under the 7 characteristics, everyone should be treated fairly (Munro, S. 2010). When it comes to healthcare practice, everyone should be given the same consultations, medical treatment and opportunity s as everyone else and no one should be discriminated against or judged. This is fundamental to ensuring that the healthcare professionals work towards eliminating discrimination and reducing inequalities in care. The NHS has clear principles about equality and fairness that is set out in the NHS Constitution, and the laws under the Equality Act 2010 reinforce these (NHS 2014). Should an individual need medical treatment or social care, they have the right to be treated fairly on their needs, not by who they are .Show MoreRelatedA Code Of Ethics : Responsibility And Accountability Standards753 Words   |  4 Pageshighlights the responsibility and accountability standards of each and every employee within the organization. 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Greek and Roman Environment - 1030 Words

Looking at the environment today, one can easily say that the goodness of the environment is deteriorating due to the lack of concern and care. However, many dont realise that most of the environmental problems that we have today such as erosion and forest depletion is actually the after math of environmental disasters that happened years ago. When examining the environmental problems of the ancient Greeks and Romans, the statement â€Å"cause and effect†, plays a very significant role in explaining the relationship between humans of that time and the effects that had placed on the environment around them. In many cases, the effects of their cause were very threatening to the environment. By looking back and what the Greeks and Romans had†¦show more content†¦Hughes states that after â€Å"the trees had been cut down around Philippi, the waters dried up and the weather became warmer. Such impacts were no doubt most serious in marginal areas such as the edges of the S ahara and Arabian deserts† (Donald Hughes 85). The third major concern is malaria and other illnesses. Although this wasn’t a primary result of deforestation, it is still considered to be a significant one. Due to less tress and more marshes, mosquitoes increased dramatically. Therefore malaria had dramatically spread as well because mosquitoes were the carriers. â€Å"The Romans periodically embarked on ambitious programs for the draining of marshlands, destroying wildlife habitat as they did so† (Donald Hughes 65). The fourth and final concern is effects on the economy. Since wood was a vital resource for the ancient Greeks and Romans, deforestation had increased the price of wood and â€Å"lumber became rarer and had to be imported over longer distances† (Donald Hughes 85). Therefore â€Å"the shortage and high cost of building timber due to deforestation contributed to the shift from wood to stone construction† (Donald Hughes 86). During the ti me of the ancient Greeks and Romans, it is acceptable to understand that at that time there wasn’t enough knowledge to maintain a balance with the environment, hence the Greeks and Romans had failed. â€Å"There are four factors thatShow MoreRelatedThe Roman Medicine991 Words   |  4 Pagessana in corpore sano† (Juvenal 10.356). A healthy mind in a healthy body, the Ancient Romans lived by this motto. The Ancient Romans believed that the health of the people was key to success in war and in creating a prosperous empire. Roman texts that have been gathered overtime have greatly influenced modern medical practices and without them, modern medicine would not be as advanced as it is today. 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The rich contribution of Greek dramatists like Sophocles, Euripides, Aeschylus and Aristophanes, is noteworthy, towards the development of both Roman and English Drama. Though Roman Drama could not thrive much as to invite the attention of WesternRead MoreBuilding Concrete Structures Of Building Solid Stone Buildings1128 Words   |  5 Pagesscreen, a row of ornamental columns in front of a load-bearing wall. For smaller buildings, concrete s strength freed the floor plan from rectangular cells to a more free-flowing environment. Most of these developments are described by Vitruvius writing in the first century AD in his work De Architectura. Ancient Roman concrete was a mixture of lime mortar, sand with stone rubble, pozzolana, water, and stones, and stronger than previously-used concrete. The ancient builders placed these ingredients

The Civil War Of The South - 1531 Words

As the Civil War came to a conclusion, there were a lot of problems facing the nation, especially the South. Land in the South was in ruins. Homeless refugees, both African-American and white needed food, shelter, and work. Americans were forced to reach down deep and overcome a lot of adversity to bring the North and South together as one. President Lincoln wanted to make it easy for the southern states to rejoin the Union. His goal was to close up wounds of war as quickly as possible. In December 1863, President Lincoln introduced a model for reinstatement of the Southern states called the Ten Percent Plan. This proposed a plan that if ten percent of a state’s voters swore an oath of loyalty to the United States, the voters could†¦show more content†¦President Lincoln and the other Republicans hoped that they would see a strong Republican Party in the south. Lincoln thought that his more laid back, softer and more lenient policy would win the support of some influe ntial southern supporters. The Radical Republicans, who were supporters of strict policy in the south, disagreed with the President. They made the case that their strict plan would keep the people that led the South into secession from regaining power and weakening the control of the Radical Republicans. It was important to deal urgently with the needs of the freedmen, as well as the other war refugees. In March of 1865, Congress created the Freedmen’s Bureau. Providing emergency relief to the people displaced by the war was their first priority. The Freedman’s Bureaus also set up schools to teach the freedmen to read and write. Due to the want and need for education, many African American communities then set up their own schools. They would come together and gather up any extra money to pay the teachers. According to some sources, the schools were strict like military schools, and were often so poor that most of the testing came in the oral form. (civilwar.org) Many of the teachers were northern white women, but for the most part, they were African American women. With public education now an option for African Americans, they were given the same rights toward education as the white children were. The Bureau helped extend the education

Differences Between the Arguements of Thomas Hobbes and...

When initially looking at the arguments of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke in Leviathan and Second Treatise of Government, they seem to agree on many things. Both philosophers believe that human reasoning is based on appetites and aversions, that humans have a fundamental right to self-preservation, and, above all, that a strong central government is the way to remedy the problems with the state of nature. However, after looking closely, many important differences become apparent. All differences between the arguments of Hobbes and Locke, in regards to human nature and the formation of a social contract, stem from two crucial points: the authors’ value of individualism and sociality, both in the state of nature and in civil society, and†¦show more content†¦Both Hobbes and Locke observe the overwhelming presence of fear in the state of nature. Even though a person has the right to self-defense and the punishment of evildoers, that does not eliminate the constant fear of being attacked in the state of nature. This is a reason why, according to both philosophers, people are willing to be governed (Hobbes, 1968: 188; Locke, 1980: 16). However, in Hobbes’ form of government, that fear is not eliminated, only changed. Instead of fearing death or attack, now the people fear the sovereign itself (Hobbes, 1968: 198). In fact, the entire power of the sovereign comes directly from the fear it instills in those it governs. In exchange for this perpetual fear, the governed can live in peace, so long as they follow the sovereign’s rules and do not speak out against him (377). Locke’s government, however, is based much more heavily on trust. This is evident because firstly, citizens retain their individual property; secondly, the citizens have the right to change the government if they are dissatisfied; and lastly, that each citizen must, either tacitly or explicitly, consent to being a part of that government (Locke, 1980: 65). In Lockeâ₠¬â„¢s civil society, everyone has the right to their life, liberty, and estate. If the government threatens to violate any of a person’s rights to property, that person has the right to renounce consent and move to a different society, or to rebel against the current one and effect change.

Transferable Skills in workplace - 1508 Words

Transferable Skills in Workplace Introduction As a student, it never too soon to look at the job market in which you will be operating as a job seeker, and at what can help you to maximize the chance of having a profitable job. To be attractive to the employer is that students have to acquire during the school time. Nowadays, there have been many researches on employability, which is generally regarded as a broader concept of skills in the workplace. According to the definition given by the Higher Education Academy, employability is: A set of achievements-skills, understandings and personal attributes - that makes graduates more likely to gain employment and be successful in their chosen occupations, which benefits themselves, the†¦show more content†¦People with transferable skills could quickly fit in the new job, get along with a new team and be effective as soon as possible. Despite the basic transferable skills, companies and organisations intend to recruit people with more specialised skills. For example, some consumer goods manufacturers only focus on their core work in order to keep a proper size of employees. They outsourced non-core work and recruit people who is better at communication, presentation and data interpretation etc. As the organisations are changing their recruitment strategy, both basic and specialised transferable skills should be taught in the university. Next, two transferable skills will be elaborated and illustrated separately. Team-working skills Part one: Importance of Teamwork Team-working skills could be required for any jobs. According to the research of www.careernotes.ca, here are top 10 transferable skills: s Communication Skills s Teamwork Skills s Time Management Skills s Problem-Solving Skills s Organisation Skills s Learning Skills s Computer Skills s Listening Skills s Creativity Skills s Leadership Skills Apparently, teamwork has been considered as an essential skill in the workplace. People combine their individual talents in pursuit of companies tasks and missions. However, teamwork in the workplace not only improves the efficiency of business, but also benefits every group member. According to Bob Kellys words in website called globalpost, teamwork in organisationShow MoreRelatedEssay On Applying For A Job776 Words   |  4 Pageswhy you should be hired for the position you applied for. A resume should consist of where you had volunteered or played a sport, what transferable skills you could deliver to the workplace and why you think you should be hired. 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There are many reasons why worker are not get a job or they are getting fired, but there is one reason why that is happening. That reason is that many employers need people with good skills, qualities and attributes. There are many workers out there, who don’t have the skills that are need in the current workforce. Well that is going to change and there the career and work counsellor come in. â€Å"For years, employers have been aware of employee engagementRead MoreCareer Plan For A Career Development Plan1228 Words   |  5 Pagesseek better skills that lead to top jobs and positions. This plan includes sections for the following process: 1. Assess my current state. Identify goals and objectives. How to measure my objectives? and how my plan affect work/life balance? What trends in the workplace, economy, and marketplace do I need to be aware of that could influence my plan? 2. Examine the critical skills and competencies required to achieve success. What transferable skills do I have and how can these skills be leveragedRead MoreCommunication And Nonverbal Communication749 Words   |  3 Pageseffectively as a transferable skill that many do not appreciate today. Instead it is assumed that communication is being able to speak or write efficiently as well as effectively. This is not true. The word communication gets thrown around on a regular basis to deliver the illusion that it is only sent communication. The fact is communication is not only sending the message, but also receiving the message. Personally, I feel that nonverbal communication is my strongest transferable skills that I didn’tRead MoreLearning ( Pbl ) And Work Based Learning1681 Words   |  7 Pagesindustry demands dynamic, adaptable and innovative workers to remain competitive. This presents a challenge to educational institutions on two fronts. Firstly to keep pace with this requirement and secondly to equip their learners with the required skills and knowledge that will enable them to either remain within this environment or to enter it. Two approaches to learning that benefit individuals and meet this challenge are Problem based learning (PBL) and work based learning (WBL). Both approachesRead MoreImportance Of Purpose To Become A Major In Economics893 Words   |  4 PagesThe main reasons for selecting this program is because of the large selection of majors, possibility of being in the cooperative education program, and simultaneous development of business knowledge and skills. This ultimately allows me to pursue my passion while obtaining valuable transferable skills and knowledge. After viewing the extensive list of possible majors that interested me, I decided to pursue a major in Honours Economic. This was my initial choice because I had always admired the variousRead More The training and development of employees in William Hill is imperative1577 Words   |  7 Pagesit is needed also to develop them to create further opportunities within the organisation because employees are likely to be better educated and become multi-skilled. Training should be ongoing within William Hill in developing the employee’s skills within the business. William Hill believes training is very essential for their company especially when it proves for employees to develop within the organisation and continuing to meet objective. The training and development of employees in WilliamRead MoreWhat Are Ten Ways We Can Build Support For The Humanities?975 Words   |  4 PagesCulture Corps of retirees and others to share their humanities and sociology aptitude with children. What are some transferable skills that you may develop by pursuing an education in the humanities? Some transferable skills that I will develop education for individuals is to work together a a team, time management, and to communicate with others. Everywhere you go in a workplace managing your time is a great way to teach individuals that are in currently in school. When in classes, you manageRead MoreEssay on Key Aspects of Training and Development1569 Words   |  7 Pagesinvolves helping an individual to realise his or her potential. This concerns general growth, and is not related specifically to the employees existing post. The term training means the gaining of a particular set of knowledge and skills, which can be applied to a particular job. Training programmes: most large organisations have their own or employee training officers to run training programmes for employees. They usually have a personnel or human resources staff administering

Collusion free essay sample

Collusion is an agreement between two or more parties, sometimes illegal and therefore secretive, to limit open competition by deceiving, misleading, or defrauding others of their legal rights, or to obtain an objective forbidden by law typically by defrauding or gaining an unfair advantage. [citation needed] It is an agreement among firms or individuals to divide a market, set prices, limit production or limit opportunities.   It can involve wage fixing, kickbacks, or misrepresenting the independence of the relationship between the colluding parties. In legal terms, all acts affected by collusion are considered void. In the study of economics and market competition, collusion takes place within an industry when rival companies cooperate for their mutual benefit. Collusion most often takes place within the market structure of oligopoly, where the decision of a few firms to collude can significantly impact the market as a whole. Cartels are a special case of explicit collusion. Collusion which is not overt, on the other hand, is known as tacit collusion. How is OPEC a collusive oligopoly? OPEC is a collection of oil exporting countries. Oligopoly Industry that is controlled by a few major players (firms or countries) Collusion When industry leaders secretly agree to limit quantities of production. This will guarantee the colluders a higher price for their product OPEC meet to discuss the quantity of oil they will allow onto the world market. This is collusion. Because the OPEC members are the main suppliers of oil they are said to be an Collusion and Cartels by David A. Mayer One of the blessings of competition is that it leads to lower prices for consumers. For the producer, however, this blessing is a curse. Low prices often mean low profits. Given a choice between competition and cooperation, profit-maximizing firms would more often than not prefer cooperation. Regardless of what you learned in kindergarten, you do not want the businesses you buy from to cooperate. You want them to compete. Adam Smith, the father of modern capitalism, warned that nothing beneficial comes from the heads of business getting together. In the United States, firms are forbidden from cooperating to set prices or production. The abuses of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century trusts were the impetus for the â€Å"trust-busting† of President Theodore Roosevelt. With the Sherman Antitrust Act and later the Clayton Antitrust Act, the government prohibited outright collusion and other business practices that reduced competition. Prior to OPEC, world oil prices were mainly under the control of the Texas Railroad Commission. With the rise of OPEC came a shift in power from U. S. producers to the oil states of the Middle East. Even though it violates the law, businesses from time to time will collude in order to set prices. Colluding firms can divide up the market in a way that is beneficial for them. The firms avoid competition, set higher prices, and reduce their operating costs. Because collusion is illegal and punishable by fine and prison, executives at firms are reluctant to engage in the practice. The meetings of business leaders are almost always in the presence of attorneys in order to avoid the accusation of collusion. Forming Cartels Businesses that collude may form cartels. A cartel is a group of businesses that effectively function as a single producer or monopoly able to charge whatever price the market will bear. Probably the best-known modern cartel is the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, or OPEC. OPEC is made up of thirteen oil-exporting countries and is thus not subject to the antitrust laws of the United States. OPEC seeks to maintain high oil prices and profits for their members by restricting output. Each member of the cartel agrees to a production quota that will eventually reduce overall output and increase prices. OPEC is bad news for anyone that enjoys cheap gasoline. Fortunately for consumers, cartels have an Achilles heel. The individual members of a cartel have an incentive to cheat on their agreement. Cartels go through periods of cooperation and competition. When prices and profits are low, the members of the cartel have an incentive to cooperate and limit production. It is the cartels success that brings the incentive to cheat. If the cartel is successful, the market price of the commodity will rise. Individual members driven by their own self-interest will have an incentive, the law of supply, to ever-so-slightly exceed their production quota and sell the excess at the now higher price. The problem is that all members have this incentive and the result is that eventually prices will fall as they collectively cheat on the production quota. Cartels must find ways to discourage cheating. Drug cartels use assassination and kidnapping, but OPEC uses something a little more civilized. The single largest producer in the cartel is Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia also has the lowest cost of production. If a member or members cheat on the cartel, then Saudi Arabia can discipline the group by unleashing its vast oil reserves, undercutting other countries prices, and still remain profitable. After a few months or even years of losses, the other countries would then have an incentive to cooperate and limit production once again. * Definition: OPEC stands for The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. It is an organization of 12 oil-producing countries that effectively control the worlds oil. OPEC members pump out 42% of the worlds annual supply, controlling 61% of exports. This situation isnt likely to change, since these 12 countries hold 80% of the worlds proven oil reserves. For these reasons, OPECs decisions are critical to countries that depend on oil imports. What Does OPEC Do? OPEC states quite plainly that its goal is to manage the worlds supply of oil. It does this to make sure its members get what they consider a good price for their oil. Since oil is a fairly uniform commodity, most of its consumers base their buying decisions on nothing other than price. Whats a good price? In the past, OPEC said it was around $70-$80 per barrel. If prices drop below that target, OPEC members agree to restrict supply to send prices higher. Otherwise, they would wind up increasing the supply to make more national revenue. By competing with each other, they would drive prices even lower. This would stimulate even more demand, and OPEC countries will run out of their most precious resource that much faster. When prices are higher than $80 a barrel, oil-producing countries would naturally want to produce more to bring in extra national revenue. However, if they did that, they increase supply, lowering the price. Instead, OPEC members agree to produce only enough to keep the price high for all members. Furthermore, if prices are too much higher than $80 a barrel, then other countries have the incentive to drill more expensive oil fields. Sure enough, now that oil prices are closer to $100 a barrel, its become cost effective for Canada to explore its shale oil fields, and for the U. S. to use fracking. As a result, non-OPEC supply has increased. OPECs second goal is to reduce oil price volatility. Thats because, at current prices and rates of production, OPEC countries have enough oil to last for 113 years. In addition, oil is expensive to produce. For maximum efficiency, oil extraction must run 24 hours a day, seven days a week. In addition, closing facilities could physically damage oil installations and even the fields themselves. Ocean drilling is especially difficult and expensive to shut down. Therefore, its in OPECs best interests to keep world prices stable. For example, in June 2008, prices spiked to $143/barrel. OPEC responded by agreeing to produce a little more oil, which brought prices down. However, the global financial crisis brought oil prices down to $33. 73/barrel in December. OPEC responded by reducing the supply, helping prices to again stabilize. A slight modification is usually enough to restore price stability. OPEC also adjusts the worlds oil supply in response to crises and shortages. For example, it replaced the oil lost during the Gulf Crisis in 1990. Several million barrels of oil per day were cut off when Saddam Hussein armies destroyed refineries in Kuwait. OPEC alos increased production in 2011 during the crisis in Libya. The Oil and Energy Ministers from the OPEC members meet twice a year, or more if needed, to coordinate their oil production policies. Each member country abides by an honor system, agreeing to only produce a certain amount. However, if a country winds up producing more, there really is no sanction or penalty. Furthermore, each country is responsible for reporting its own production. Therefore, there is room for cheating. On the other hand, a country wont go too far over its quota, since it doesnt want to risk being kicked out of OPEC. Despite its power, OPEC cannot completely control the price of oil. In some countries, additional taxes are imposed on gasoline and other oil-based end products to promote conservation. More importantly, oil prices are actually set by the oil futures market. Much of the oil price is determined by these commodities traders. For more on this, see Why Are Oil Prices So High?

The Minor Characters In Romeo And Juliet Have A Great Deal Of Essay Example For Students

The Minor Characters In Romeo And Juliet Have A Great Deal Of Essay Influence Of The Destinies Of The Major CharactersRomeo and Juliet is a play based on love, fate, change andtragedy. It tracks the story of two lovers from opposing familiesancient feud, in death. Like most stories, the major charactersplay an important role, such as the decisions in which they take. Yet the minor characters also have a good deal of influence overthe ultimate destinies of Romeo and Juliet. The first minor character to be mentioned should be Tybalt. He wasa butter enemy of Romeo, and had he not been `slain, Romeo wouldnever had been banished. In Act 3, Scene 1, Tybalt kills Mercutiowhen Romeo attempts to come between the combatants and averts thefight. Out of blind rage, Romeo kills Tybalt. And in my tmepersoftend valours see! Had Romeo not decided to exact revenge onTybalt, perhaps the Capulets might have accepted him as a son. This would mean that Romeo and Juliet would not have had to hidetheir love for each other. Tybalt, indeed, had a large effect onthe lives of Romeo and Juliet, by killing Mercutio. Another minor character thought to have shaped the destinies ofRomeo and Juliet is Paris. In Act 3, Scene 5, Lady Capuletannounces that Juliet is to marry Paris. The County Paris, atSaint Peters church, Shall happily make thee there a joyfulbride. Juliet obviously refuses and goes to Friar Laurence forhelp. Friar Laurence devises a plan, which will prevent themarriage and reunite Romeo with Juliet. However, this plan goeshorribly wrong, perhaps causing the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. IfParis had not wished to be with Juliet, none of the followingwould have occurred. Friar Laurence gives a letter to Friar John to send to Romeo aboutJuliets plans. But Friar John was unable to find Romeo. Nor geta messenger to bring it thee, So fearful were they of infection. This is another example of a minor character playing an importantrole. Balthasar brings Romeo the news of Juliets `death. Romeo thengoes to Juliets tomb and lays with her that night. He looks foran apothecary to sell him some poison, and succeeds. Had theapothecary refused to sell him the poison, Romeo might have beendelayed, giving Friar Laurence time to find him and tell him thetruth. The above paragraphs are simply speculation on what might or mightnot have happened, but it does help explain the view that theminor characters helped shape the destiny of Romeo and Juliet. Perhaps their deaths could not be prevented. Maybe Romeo andJuliet were `pawns in a game to end their families ancient feud. It is possible that a higher force was at work here fate. Onething is known for certain, there has never been a story of morewoe than this of Juliet and her Romeo.

Writing a Film Critique Essay Sample

Writing a Film Critique Essay SampleIt's actually very easy to write a Film Critique Essay sample on your own, but I would suggest that you not do it. I'm not trying to be negative here, and the whole process of writing a film critique essay is often tedious and takes away time from your film making schedule.However, there is an extremely important part to this process and that is writing and developing the essay itself. If you don't do this, then you're losing out a great deal.A good way to begin developing your critique essay is to look at something that other people have written about. This is a great way to catch up on some of the filmmaking history and some ideas. You might also want to check out some of the movies you have seen recently and write about how the movie made you feel.Other things you can look for include movie reviews, film criticism or online articles about films. Once you've compiled a variety of these resources, you can begin to see what kind of people are writi ng about the films. There are many sources online and all over the place.Take some time to go through them and work out if you think they are interesting or not. If they are worth your time, pick a few of them and work from there. The best way to write a film critique essay sample is to start with an idea, expand upon it and develop it until you have a complete essay that is worth sharing with friends and family.A great source for films and movies is the internet. Look for websites that talk about the movies and pay close attention to the comments left by those who have seen them. They may not all be relevant, but it's just as good of a chance to find something you hadn't thought of.Always take criticism, whether it is a review film critic or other source seriously. It is important to listen to the opinions of others and consider them before you commit to your own opinion. You will learn so much more about the film that you watch from watching other people's views.The majority of pe ople who watch a film will write about it either for or against it. If you want to write a Film Critique Essay sample and can't make up your mind, listen to the film criticism you find online. You can pick up some valuable information that will help you determine if the film is going to be right for you.

Economic Overview of BRICS †Industry Analysis Essay Example

Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Essay Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Name: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Introduction One of the key industries in the growth of the global economy is the telecommunication industry that is growing at the fastest rate with advancement in technology. The total spending in the telecommunication technology is growing by 2.8%, which represents $1.84 trillion (Wansink, 2009). The whole world is now interconnected with telecommunication technology that comprises of telephones, mobile phones and internet linked to computers. Previously, the telecom industry was comprised of large national and regional companies owned by governments. The previous decade has seen a change in this where many organizations are privatized, and more players coming up to increase competition. This has also come with deregulations. Among the biggest growing countries that comprise of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, BRICS, telecommunication is the main contributor to growth. In each of the BRICS countries, there are key players, both local and multinational playing a crucial role in th eir development. Brazil The Brazilian telecom industry is expected to generate revenue of US$ 120 billion in 2012 (Wansink, 2009). Within its market, fixed line revenues continue to decrease while the mobile, internets and data, and pay television continue to gain prominence with their revenues growing rapidly. Just like the other BRICS countries, its growing economy and high population continue to fuel the growth. The spending power of Brazil is driving the growth, with more and more demand for telecommunication services. Additionally, the government has taken measures to reduce the cost of telecommunication services in order to push into the market. Additionally, with the expected growth of 3%-3.5% in 2012 and 4%-5% in 2013, growth within the telecommunication industry can be expected (Wansink, 2009). Some of the companies in Brazil include Telefonica Brasil, Sercomtel and Nextel Brasil. Telefonica Brasil is the second largest company in the Brazilian telecommunication industry. The company is currently focusing on an expansion of its network coverage and the increasing subscribers to its mobile broadband. To increase its mobile broadband revenues, it is expanding on 3G data network, and it is taking an advantage to take an early lead in the 4G network (Wansink, 2009). Sercomtel is yet another leading local telecommunication company in Brazil. It operates in voice services that include landline, mobile services and long distance telecommunication, as well as internet services through its broadband. Considering the stability of the market, Brazil is one of the best countries to invest in, since it might not be affected by the Euro recession. Russia The telecom market in Russia has been growing, in part due to liberalization in long-distance telecom and a new introduction of interconnection between operators (Russian-American Business, 2007). Some of the leading operators in Russia are VimpelCom, MegaFon and MTS. MegaFon is the second largest mobile operator and fourth largest telecom company in Russia. It operates in GSM and UMTS standards. As at June 2012, the company had a total of 62.1 million subscribers locally and another 1.6 million subscribers in other countries that include Osetia, Abkhazia and Tajikistan. The MTS is the largest mobile operator within Russia with more than 102.4 million subscribers at the end of 2009 (Russian-American Business, 2007). It is licensed to operate in 82 regions in Russia out of the total 83. It also serves other countries, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Armenia, and Belarus. It provides GSM services. It also operates around 3300 retails chains for mobile phones (Russian-American Business, 2007). It also has MTS branded mobile handsets. The other key player in the Russian telecom market is the VimpelCom, which is among the largest integrated telecom companies worldwide. It provides both voice and data services using a range of traditional fixed technology and mobile broadband. It provides services to its customers under the Beeline, Mobilink, and Telecel among others. As at June 2012, the company had 208 million subscribers (Russian-American Business, 2007). Competition in Russia is increasing rapidly with many companies that are established in its market considering it is the biggest country. The development and growth of the telecommunication market in Russia has been pushed by support from the government with expenditure on information and communication, as well as the growing economy that grew by 6.8% in 2006 (Russian-American Business, 2007). India India is yet another rapidly growing country with the largest growth of mobile phone users. Its rapid growing economy due to manufacturing is one of the main contributors as well as its enormous population providing ready market. Some of the telecommunication companies in India include Bharti Airtel Limited and Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. Bharti Airtel Limited is commonly known as Airtel, operating in over 20 countries across south of Asia, Africa, as well as the Channel Islands. It currently ranks as the third largest mobile service provider company. Airtel provides voice services, data services including 2G, 3G and 4G internet services depending on the country (airtel.in, 2012). As at august 2012, the company had around 261 million subscribers within the 20 countries. Additionally, it provides television subscription in India and second largest in fixed telephone (Wansink, 2009). The other key player in the Indian telecommunication industry is the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited, B SNL. It is a state owned company. It is the largest fixed telephony service provider in India and ranks fourth in mobile service provision. It also provides broadband service. The company has recently incurred losses due to stiff competition from other telecommunication industries. However, it remains as one of the largest and oldest providers of telecommunication. Competition within India is increasing steadily with the entrant of new companies in the telecommunication industry. Additionally, the vast population cannot be served by one telecommunication industry considering the high demands of telecommunication especially mobile services and internet since India is the biggest outsourcing country. Additionally, its growing economy is contributing to the development in this industry with the government reducing regulation and allowing more companies to enter the market. China A brief overview of the Chinese telecommunication industry shows that it is among the fastest growing industries. In 2010 to 2012, the industry revenues grew by 4.1%. Some of the key players in the telecommunication industry in China include China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom (Simon, 2011). The Chinese telecom industry is dominated by the three companies and highly controlled by the government. Initially, they were six, but then reduced to three. China mobile is the biggest among them all, taking a market share of 67.5% in 2006 (Simon, 2011). It has taken over from several other companies towards the end of the last century such as Fujian mobile, Henan mobile, and among others. Through these takeovers, it has grown to become the biggest digital mobile company in the world serving the largest number of customers (Simon, 2011). The other key player is the China Unicom that is a state owned telecom company. In 2008, the company had 125 million GSM subscribers and 43 million CDMA subscribers Chinaunicom.com. (2012). However, it moved its CDMA services to China telecom and Universal Mobile Telecommunication System that has launched recently in China. China Telecom is the third player in the Chinese telecommunication market that is entering other markets part from China such as Australia. It has 149 million subscribers including 3G subscribers (chinatelecom-h.com 2012). It was voted the best managed company in Asia in 2011 that was awarded by Euromoney, FinanceAsia and among most honored companies by Institutional Investor. Currently, the telecom industry in china is highly controlled by the state considering it has a company owned by the government. However, competition is deemed to increase soon from the government plans to enhance other entrants. South Africa South Africa is the largest and most developed economy in Africa. Telecommunication industry is the fastest growing industry in South Africa that is driven by growth in mobile telephony and broadband connection. The network in South Africa is 99.9% digital, serving as the most developed telecommunication technology in Africa (southafrica.info, 2012). In terms of fixed line telephony, the country ranked 34th and 26th in terms of subscriber number in mobile telephony. All telecommunication sectors, including undersea connectivity and broadband, are growing at a rapid rate (southafrica.info, 2012). Some of the telecommunication companies in South Africa include Vodacom and Neotel Vodacom is mobile telecommunication company in pan-Africa that was the first cellular network introduced in South Africa. The company provides GSM services to more than 35 million subscribers across South Africa, Lesotho, Tanzania, Mozambique and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Neotel is yet another competitive company in South Africa’s telecommunication industry. It was previously known as SNO telecommunications. It was unveiled in 2006 and becomes the first company to offer direct competition to the current companies at the time. It provides mobile telephony and data services. In South Africa, competition is only increasing considering there are few competitors. However, the few companies available are able to serve the demand of the country as it increases. An opportunity for more telecommunication companies exists (southafrica.info, 2012). In Flight Broadband Services As telecommunication technology and services continue advancing, provision of broadband services to customers in flights has also been increasing with companies such as Gogo Air increasing its presence internationally. Gogo Air has been prominent in United States and Canada. Recently, it has moved to other countries with the intention of increasing its services (gogoair.com, 2012). Its services are dependent on the potential of growth in both broadband and air transport services considering it targets those in flight. The company depends on the airline companies to provide its services. One of the ideal countries among the BRIC where in flight broadband services is attaining rapid growth is Brazil. With its approximate 30 airlines, both domestic and international, as well as a rapidly growing demand for broadband telecommunication services in general, there is a tremendous opportunity for in-flight broadband services. India also has a considerable number of airlines, but there is potential for growth. Additionally, its growing telecommunication market provides an exceptional opportunity for in flight broadband services. Gogo Air remains the key player in Brazil, with a recent expansion to United Airlines having fitted its broadband in their airplanes. Other companies that offer competition include Row 44 that provides its services in the Transaero airlines (Sharkey, 2012). With a growth in the telecommunication industry in Brazil, there is a massive opportunity for growth of in flight broadband services. Gogo Air provides its services to other BRIC countries as well. The company has established its services in India. It serves several airlines, both Indian and from other countries that land in the country. It is currently expanding its business to the available airlines. The demand for in-flight broadband services in India continues to increase as more and more continue to demand internet services. However, other competitors are also establishing in India such as the Row 44 and Lufthansa. Row 44 provides services to some of the international fight going in n out of India. In-flight broadband allows a company providing the service to offer it in several countries as long as it provides the service to the airlines flying to the particular country (Sharkey, 2012). Lufthansa, on the other hand, provides the same services, and currently is expanding its route such as between India and Germany. It has already started providing wi-fi broadband services for internet through laptops and soon will extend to mobile phone services such a text messages and emails a well by the end of the year (Economic Times. 2012). Gogo Air has recently entered a deal with Air China to provide in flight broadband services to their customers. Trials have already been done, and services are underway as of last year. This means that services have already commenced, and travelers can access internet services in flight from United States to china as well as between local cities in china. The major competitor in China for Gogo Air remains as Row 44 that is looking forward to start operating in China. Gogo Air is also operating in Russia, but just like the other BRIC countries is faced by competition from Row 44 that provides the same services in Russia as well. This service is growing and gaining prominence in Russia just as the other BRIC countries considering the growing demand for internet services in these countries. However, South Africa does not have any company established to provide in flight services. Conclusion With such an analysis, it is possible to rank the countries in terms of which would be best to enter. The attractiveness of each market can be assessed to find out the level of competition and requirements of entering each of the market. Each of the BRICS countries has a potential for further growth. Thus, entering each of these markets would yield profits. However, entering some of them like China could prove quite hard since the government has substantial control of this industry. The most favorable for entering business would be Brazil, due to its risk factor and a fact that it might not be adversely affected by the Euro economic crisis. In terms of in flight broadband services, Brazil has the best opportunity due to it number of airlines as well as several telecommunication companies both international and domestic. On the other hand, India has immense potential due to its continuing growth in telecommunication as well as airlines. China is also growing as well as Russia in the in-flight services. On the other hand, South Africa is yet to provide such technology. References Airtel.in. (2012). Bharti Airtel. Retrieved from http://www.airtel.in/wps/wcm/connect/about+bharti+airtel/Bharti+Airtel/About+bharti+airtel/ Chinatelecom-h.com. (2012). Key Performance Indicators. Retrieved from http://www.chinatelecom-h.com/eng/company/company_overview.htm Chinaunicom.com. (2012). Products and Services. Retrieved from http://www.chinaunicom.com.hk/en/products/products_mobile.html Economic Times. (2012). Lufthansa to provide wi-fi as paid in-flight service on select routes. Retrieved from http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-10-08/news/34322881_1_wi-fi-hotspot-lufthansa-ground-network Gogoair.com. (2012). An Exclusive In-Air Experience. Retrieved from http://www.gogoair.com/gogo/cms/inAirService.do Russian-American Business. (2007). Russia‘s Telecom industry. Retrieved from http://www.russianamericanbusiness.org/web_CURRENT/articles/178/1/Russia%26%2339%3Bs-Telecom-industry Simon, J. P. (2011). The ICT Landscape in BRICS Countries: Brazil, India, China. European Commission. Sharkey, J. (2012). Offering in flight broadband service. Retrieved from http://www.deccanherald.com/content/165480/offering-inflight-broadband-service.html Southafrica.info. (2012). South Africa’s telecommunications. Retrieved from http://www.southafrica.info/business/economy/infrastructure/telecoms.htm Wansink, K. (2009). Global – Industry – The Telecoms Markets in the Emerging BRIC Economies. Retrieved from http://www.budde.com.au/Research/Global-Industry-The-Telecoms-Markets-in-the-Emerging-BRIC-Economies.html

How to Write a Coursework in Nutrition †a Detailed Guide for Struggling Students

How to Write a Coursework in Nutrition – a Detailed Guide for Struggling Students A coursework is any written project a student should complete over the course of a term – it can be an essay, a research paper or some other type of written assignment. The main purpose of this type of work is to evaluate and train the student’s ability to work and research independently. Therefore, even if a coursework is not very large, many students find this type of work distressing, not being used to defining the direction of their research on their own. However, not to worry – you will find all the instructions to guide you through this job in this manual. How to Choose a Good and Interesting Topic for Your Coursework in Nutrition As the goal of a coursework is to assess your independent research skills, usually you have to choose the topic of your assignment on your own – of course, within the scope of your current course. However, you still have to discuss and settle the topic and title with your tutor. 1. Brainstorm If you do not have a ready topic handy, brainstorming with mind mapping can help. You can either do it on paper or use one of many mind-mapping tools available online. Simply write down the general outline of your study field in the middle of a sheet of paper (e.g., ‘Abdominal Obesity’) and start drafting ideas that come to your mind all around it. It is important not to think whether these ideas are good or bad at this point – just churn out as many of them as possible. Try thinking about at least a couple dozen ideas – chances are, the best will come by the end of this exercise. 2. Pick Ideas That Suit You Most of the ideas you have created this way will be useless or irrelevant, but you will certainly find a few workable ones. Set them aside and try to decide which of them interest you the most or which you will be able to cover without too much effort. Perhaps you have already done research related to some of them, and can build on it. Narrow down the list of potential ideas to 2-3, depending on how much time you have. 3. Review the Literature Find as many sources of information related to each idea as possible and try to estimate how much data there is on each of them. Will it be enough for the research of your size? You can get lists of useful literature from your supervisor, in a library (do not just study the index, ask a librarian!) or in an online academic database/search engine. AGRIS and FSTA deal directly with this area of knowledge, plus you can find something useful on multidisciplinary resources like Google Scholar and EBSCO. Compile a list of keywords related to your ideas and run a few searches. After you gather some sources, look through them, pick the ones that are the most relevant for your research and look through their bibliography sections – there may be other helpful sources. If you can single out reliable authorities on the subject (people with many publications that are referred to by other specialists in the field), check out their other works. 4. Identify Gaps in the Knowledge It is likely that at this point you can single out a few topics that are underrepresented in the existing research. If they suit you, look into them and see if you can settle on one of them as a topic for your coursework. 5. See if This Topic Already Appears Somewhere The fact that you haven’t seen research on this subject does not mean there is none at all. Make a concerted effort to find any papers, publications, books, articles or any other works dedicated to the topic you have chosen or similar ones. If you cannot find anything identical to what you want to propose, feel free to discuss it with your supervisor – he/she will tell you what to do next and how to modify the topic to better suit the requirements of the assignment. Finally, you should come up with a suitable title that clearly indicates what you write about and limits the area of research. For example: Risks of Fad Diets: What Connection Do They Have with Legitimate Nutrition Science; Binge Eating and Fasting: How Human Body Responds to Irregular Eating Patterns; Understanding and Treating the Causes and Effects of Anorexia Nervosa; Connections and Relations between Self-Harm Behavior and Bulimia Nervosa; Role of Proper Nutrition in the Development of Immunity. Working with Sources for Your Coursework in Nutrition – Do’s and Don’ts Just like with any other research assignment, 60% of your time will be dedicated to research and work with information sources, 30% to writing, and 10% to revision. So do not underestimate the importance of this phase – if you do not get it right, it does not matter how perfect the rest of your paper is. Differentiate sources by quality. Some are more reliable – e.g., publications from peer-reviewed journals referred to by multiple other specialists in the field, books by authorities in nutrition, etc. Some are less reliable – newspaper articles, websites, books by authors without academic knowledge in the subject. It does not mean that they cannot contain useful information – you simply should pay more attention to verifying them; Keep an eye out for the author’s bias. Before you use information from any source, run a background check, and be critical of it while you read it: Does the author use words and expressions with emotional or evaluative connotations? Does the author’s background suggest that he/she has reasons to be biased (e.g., connected to fast food industry)? Who financed the research? If in one of your sources you find a quotation that would help you prove your point, you have to do one of the two things. Either introduce it â€Å"as cited in† the source you found it or find that source, read it and then quote it directly. Never quote such sources as if you read them yourself – it is a very poor academic practice. If you are discovered (and you probably will be), it will greatly harm your credibility. Differentiate between primary, secondary and tertiary documents. Primary documents refer directly to the event or object of research. They can be, for example, research reports composed by those who carried out an experiment. Secondary documents are works by people who are not related to what they write about. It may be, for example, an analysis of an experiment carried out by other scientists, interpretations of primary sources, etc. o Tertiary documents are indexes, bibliographies, databases and other categorized collections of data. They direct you to other sources of useful information on a particular subject. Stick to the most recent sources on each subject. In an area like nutrition, theories come and go quickly, and general consensus can dramatically shift over the course of a few years, so older sources quickly become irrelevant; Among all other sources, prefer articles by authorities on the subject published in well-respected peer-reviewed magazines or by well-known universities. Even if the article itself does not add much to your argument, its provenance will add weight to your research; Although peer-reviewed articles should constitute the bulk of your sources, do not fixate on them: use sources of different types, including the less valuable ones (e.g., mass media publications). This will help you make your research more well-rounded. Writing a Coursework in Nutrition – General Recommendations and Principles When writing an academic work about nutrition, how you write is just as important as the contents of your work. The structure of your paper may differ depending on the task – a coursework may have any form, from a slightly longer than normal essay to a full-fledged research paper. You will receive guidelines related to the structure from your supervisor, so read and follow them carefully. Whatever the structure is, there are a few principles you should follow: Do not go out of your way to persuade the reader. You are writing a scientific work, not a marketing pamphlet. Your coursework exists in the context of all the other research in the field, and the best you can hope for is to find data that supports your thesis statement. You cannot be sure new information won’t emerge later on to disprove you; Do not use emphatic language. Words like ‘perfect’, ‘awful’, ‘ridiculous’ are out of place in a scientific article and do nothing to prove your point. You should rely on objective evidence, not persuasion tactics; Be short. Drive your point home using as few words and sentences as possible. Academic writing is valued for its ability to express an idea without taking unnecessary space. However, do not bother about it too much while you write – there will be time for that during the revision; Treat your readers as intelligent people who have general knowledge of nutrition but are not necessarily well-versed in the specific area you cover in your coursework. For example, you don’t have to explain the basic terminology, but if you mention LCHF (low-carb, high-fat), you should go into some detail explaining its main principles; For the purpose of clarity, make a paragraph a definite unit of meaning – introduce but a single point per paragraph and spend the rest of it providing supporting details for this point. If you find yourself drifting to another matter within the same paragraph, detach it and form a separate paragraph; Do not cite the sources you have not read. In your research, you will encounter sources that cite still other sources, and these quotations sometimes fit well in the discourse of your study. Some students simply quote them as if they read the publications these quotations come from. However, according to the academic rules, you should only introduce them with â€Å"as cited in†. So either do this or find and read them before using. Revisions: Preparing Your Nutrition Coursework for Submission Many students get so tired of and frustrated with their coursework assignments that they happily submit them immediately after finishing. It is a mistake – revision is just as important a phase as writing itself, and spending a couple hours polishing your paper can noticeably influence your grade. Here are some suggestions on how you can do it more effectively: Set your paper aside for at least a day or two. Thus you will be better capable of noticing your own mistakes; If you know that you typically make certain mistakes (of any kind – grammatical, orthographical, stylistic, etc.), create a checklist of them. Use it while you reread your coursework to pay attention to these problems. For example, if you commonly make mistakes in agreement between verb and person in complex sentences, note it down and dedicate a separate reread to finding this particular error; Ask a friend (or, better yet, hire a professional proofreader) to read your coursework and indicate any shortcomings he/she finds; Dedicate a special reread to eliminating redundant elements (words, sentences and even fragments of text), especially if you know that you are prone to wordiness. If you can do without an element, eliminate it. Pay attention to: Unnecessary nouns (‘period of time’ instead of ‘period’, ‘process of digestion’ instead of ‘digestion’, etc.); Unnecessary verbs (usually ‘to be’, ‘to do’, ‘to have’ and some others in combination with nouns: ‘to make analysis’ instead of ‘to analyze’, ‘to have a suggestion’ instead of ‘to suggest’, etc.); Prepositions (‘to’, ‘with’, ‘from’, etc. Try using them less often); Weak modifiers (words added to boost word count that add nothing to the meaning: ‘quite’, ‘considerable’, ‘somewhat’, ‘usually’, etc.) Check your coursework for clarity and logic. Imagine yourself reading it for the first time and ask yourself: Do you understand everything? Are all parts connected to each other logically? Are there any ambiguities? Are there any logical leaps (noticeable gaps in reasoning and argumentation)? Read the coursework aloud – it may not be obvious on paper, but if something sounds wrong, it is a good idea to change or replace it; Study the style guide carefully and check your coursework for consistency with it. We hope that this guide answered any questions you might have had. Follow it, and your next coursework will not cause you any trouble!

Exploring Research Relationships Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Exploring Research Relationships - Essay Example It is posited here that answers to the proposed research questions, will enable special event firms to ascertain if there is a positive relationship between their business successes and the service quality they proffer. This analysis can also help identify the negative gaps in service quality from expected levels as well as determine as to which SERVQUAL dimensions are critical in determining the level of success this type of company will experience in the marketplace. Parasuraman, Zeithaml & Berry (1985) illustratively explain the arrival of gap in service quality through the use of 10 dimensional model. The final research will benefit industry firms by providing revealing information on the linkage between service quality and business success in the entertainment industry. Relationships from Literature Review Axelrod (1991) describes in relation to referral marketing that a firm should be consistent in continuing its marketing. The firm should also not behave in an opportunistic manner in calling customers only when it intends to obtain referrals. This is defined under the important construct of integrity. Consistency in marketing is likely to be causally important for a special event firm as it is likely dissipate substantially expectations of service quality through advanced and structured information to the market. While temporal precedence viz that the cause happened before effect could be reckoned from one observational cycle and some kind of co variation of the cause and effect was also observed however, since the concept of consistency in marketing covered several underlying factors; the internal validity was not maintainable (Trochim, 2006).Hence it would be far better to consider this construct in descriptive form.... Exploring Research Relationships The literature has been specifically reviewed to establish and identify internal and external validity issues relevant to the research topic. The paper ends with description of the nature of the relationships that would be finally assumed in subsequent dissertation on the research topic. As has been stated in the introductory paragraph, this research utilizes the 1991 SERVQUAL instrument to measure service quality performance vis a vis customer service quality needs in the marketplace. The SERVQUAL instrument helps diagnose service quality problems (Berry, Zeithaml, & Parasuraman, 1990).See Bruner, James, & Hensel (2001) for an updated description of SERVQUAL. The data going through this instrument is expected to effectively answer the research questions by addressing both the null and alternative hypothesis statements, formed for the purpose. The more specific intent of this research is to establish a predictive relationship between SERVQUAL survey results and the success of a special event firm in any major city within the United States. The primary constructs identified are: reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, tangibles, and business success. Thus this enveloping construct could be identified as customer oriented corporate culture. It may be observed that almost all of the primary constructs identified for the research in hand viz. reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, tangibles go on to define some kind of customer oriented corporate culture. It is considered preferable to examine the impacts of these constructs on a stand alone basis rather than lump them in one construct.

Explaining a Concept Research Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Explaining a Concept Research Paper - Assignment Example Although that is the ideal set-up, taking the car to the garage every time for a simple oil change can actually add up in costs and rack up quite a bill for the car owner throughout the year. That is why it there are some do-it-yourself supporters out these who believe that the oil change, being a really simple process, can be done by the car owner him or herself. Doing the oil change yourself allows you to get to know the under pinnings and other parts of your car better while also giving you the bragging rights to being a master â€Å"oil change† mechanic. The purpose of this concept paper is to do exactly that, explain the reason, concept, and method by which a car owner can change his own car oil. It is important to remember that although changing the car oil is something that is relatively easy to do with the right tools and equipment, there is still a strong tendency to do it the wrong way. Done properly, the oil change you personally did will result in a purring engine. Do it wrong and you end up back at the garage paying for more than just an oil change. It is this possibility that usually sends most car owners to the nearest garage or gas station for a quick oil change. But with these shops continuing to raise their prices for simple services, having an oil change done professionally does not seem financially sound anymore (â€Å" DIY Car Maintenance - How to Change Your Car Oil Yourself†). In fact, learning to do the oil change yourself will save you not only money, but time wasted sitting in the client lounge of the local garage, waiting for the service to be completed in 3 hours when it should only take 20 minutes on average to do yourself. It would be best to allot an hour for changing the oil the first time that you set out to do the task yourself. This will allow you enough time to get to know the parts of your car and change the oil, inspect the oil plug, etc. without being pressed for time. The whole process should go relatively f ast provided you have the following proper tools and materials prepared beforehand: Wrench to remove the drain plug (box or socket) Oil filter wrench Oil drain pan Funnel Latex gloves Jack and jack stands (optional, depends on ground clearance) Oil Oil Filter Replacement drain plug washer (depending on application) (Edmunds, Dan â€Å"How to Change Your Oil) Now, before you go wrench crazy because you have all the tools you need already, and start to unscrew everything underneath your car, it is important to consult the car manual to make sure that you bought the correct oil and oil filter at the auto supply store. The wrong motor oil or filter will result in a major disaster for your little home project. It is necessary to check your car manual because the manual might require; ... other specific oil requirements as defined by the by the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the International Lubricant Standardization Approval Committee (ILSAC.) Sometimes synthetic oil is express ly called for. Sometimes it's not necessary. And sometimes its use is implied by additional requirements (Edmunds, Dan â€Å"How to Change Your Oil). By following those aforementioned instructions as a diy person, you will ensure that the correct car oil will be used in your car. It is also necessary to make sure that you use the correct oil filter with your car because if; ... your owner’